TUMORS OF THE SKIN
TUMORS OF THE SKIN: "Basal Cell Tumors
The basal cell tumors (BCTs) include basal cell epithelioma, basal cell carcinoma, and basiloid tumor. Since the tumor in domestic animals is almost always benign, the preferred nomenclature is basal cell tumor. BCT is the most common skin tumor affecting the cat, representing 15 to 26% of all feline skin tumors. It is less common in the dog, representing 4 to 12% of canine skin tumors. These tumors are generally found in middle-aged dogs (6-9 years) and slightly older cats with a mean age of 10 to 11 years. In the dog, cocker spaniels and poodles have an increased incidence, and in cats, the Siamese were over- represented in one large study, while others have not documented a breed predilection. BCTs are usually solitary, well circumscribed, firm, hairless, dome-shaped elevated masses from 0.5 to 10 cm in diameter. Most BCTs are freely movable and firmly fixed to the overlying skin but rarely invade underlying fascia. These tumors are most commonly located on the head, neck, and shoulders in both the dog and cat. Feline BCTs can be pigmented, cystic, or solid, and are occasionally ulcerated and have a surprisingly high mitotic rate for tumors that are benign. Most BCTs are benign, grow slowly, and may be present for months prior to diagnosis. The treatment of choice for BCTs is surgical excision, which carries a good prognosis. In 124 cases of BCTs in cats treated by surgical excision, none recurred nor metastasized. In another report of 97 BCTs in cats, approximately 10% were classified as histologically malignant; however, only one developed metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Rare recurrences and no metastasis have been reported in the dog. Cryosurgery is an alternative to surgery for smaller (< 1 cm) lesions."
The basal cell tumors (BCTs) include basal cell epithelioma, basal cell carcinoma, and basiloid tumor. Since the tumor in domestic animals is almost always benign, the preferred nomenclature is basal cell tumor. BCT is the most common skin tumor affecting the cat, representing 15 to 26% of all feline skin tumors. It is less common in the dog, representing 4 to 12% of canine skin tumors. These tumors are generally found in middle-aged dogs (6-9 years) and slightly older cats with a mean age of 10 to 11 years. In the dog, cocker spaniels and poodles have an increased incidence, and in cats, the Siamese were over- represented in one large study, while others have not documented a breed predilection. BCTs are usually solitary, well circumscribed, firm, hairless, dome-shaped elevated masses from 0.5 to 10 cm in diameter. Most BCTs are freely movable and firmly fixed to the overlying skin but rarely invade underlying fascia. These tumors are most commonly located on the head, neck, and shoulders in both the dog and cat. Feline BCTs can be pigmented, cystic, or solid, and are occasionally ulcerated and have a surprisingly high mitotic rate for tumors that are benign. Most BCTs are benign, grow slowly, and may be present for months prior to diagnosis. The treatment of choice for BCTs is surgical excision, which carries a good prognosis. In 124 cases of BCTs in cats treated by surgical excision, none recurred nor metastasized. In another report of 97 BCTs in cats, approximately 10% were classified as histologically malignant; however, only one developed metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Rare recurrences and no metastasis have been reported in the dog. Cryosurgery is an alternative to surgery for smaller (< 1 cm) lesions."
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